阻燃涂布纸的制备及其性能研究

Investigation of Preparation and Performance of Flame-retardant Coated Paper

关键词:  阻燃纸  表面涂布  催化成炭  高效阻燃

Key Words:flame-retardant paper  surface coating  catalytic carbonization  efficiently flame retardant

摘要:本研究以可溶性淀粉为成膜剂，硫酸铵和磷酸二氢铵为阻燃剂，制备了水性阻燃涂料，并用于定量60 g/m²的纸张表面涂布，制备阻燃涂布纸。当阻燃涂料中淀粉、硫酸铵与磷酸二氢铵的质量比为3∶1∶2、阻燃剂含量5%，涂布量2.0 g/m²时，制得阻燃涂布纸在垂直燃烧测试时的损毁占比由原纸的100%降低至35.9%，极限氧指数由18.3%提高至30.0%。在燃烧过程中，阻燃剂分解产生的酸类物质催化纤维素和淀粉碳化，同时含氮基团分解产生的难燃性气体能够稀释可燃物和氧气浓度，从而赋予纸张优异的阻燃性能。阻燃纸4^#的撕裂度从原纸的308 mN提高至339 mN，抗张强度也得到了较好的保持。

Abstract:In this study， the aqueous flame-retardant coating was prepared derived from the film-forming of soluble starch， and the flame-retardant additive of ammonium sulfate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Then， the flame-retardant coating was coated on the surface of paper with a basis weight of 60 g/m². When the mass ratio of starch， ammonium sulfate， and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate was 3∶1∶2， the content of flame-retardant additive of the coating was 5%， and the coating amount was 2.0 g/m²， the damage ratio of the flame-retardant coated paper in the vertical combustion test decreased from 100% of the raw paper to 35.9%， and the limiting oxygen index increased from 18.3% to 30.0%. The acids produced by the decomposition of flame-retardant additive exerted catalytic carbonization for cellulose and starch， and the non-flammable gas caused by the decomposition of nitrogen-containing groups diluted the combustibles and oxygen. Consequently， the flame-retardant coated paper was endowed excellent flame-retardant performance. Besides， the tear strength of the flame-retardant paper 4^# was increased from 308 mN for raw paper to 339 mN， and the tensile strength was well retained.