我国空竹属6种竹材纤维形态及结构研究

Study on the Fiber Morphology and Structure of Six Bamboo Species Belonging to the Cephalostachyum Munro in China

关键词:  空竹属  解剖结构  纤维形态  微纤丝角度

Key Words:Cephalostachyum Munro  anatomical structure  fiber morphology  microfibril angle

摘要:本研究以我国空竹属6种竹材为研究对象，借助场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、二维广角X射线衍射仪（2D WAXD）等现代仪器对其纤维形态及结构进行研究。结果表明，6种竹材的解剖结构均不含纤维股，维管束类型均是典型的紧腰型；纤维形态整体形貌相似，较硬挺，其中真麻竹纤维的长度（2.25 mm）最大，且长度>3.20 mm的纤维占比高；6种竹材纤维的微纤丝角均在8.46°~14.79°之间，其中真麻竹纤维的微纤丝角（14.79°）最大；6种竹材纤维的零距抗张指数差异不大，其中小空竹（干法0.212 kN·m/g，湿法0.193 kN·m/g）最大，真麻竹（干法0.189 kN·m/g，湿法0.173 kN·m/g）次之。

Abstract:In this study， six bamboo species of the genus Cephalostachyum Munro in China were taken as research objects， and their fiber morphology and structure were investigated using techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray powder diffractometer （2D WAXD）. The results showed that the anatomical structures of all six bamboo species lacked fiber bundle， and the vascular bundle types were all typically slender waist type. The morphology of fibers were similar in overall shape and they were relatively rigid， among which the fiber of Cephalostachyum scandens Bor had the longest length （2.25 mm）， with a high proportion of fibers of length >3.20 mm. The microfibril angles of fiber from the six bamboo species ranged from 8.46° to 14.79°， with Cephalostachyum scandens Bor fiber exhibiting the largest microfibril angle （14.79°）. There were no significant differences in the zero-span tensile indices of fibers among the six species， and Cephalostachyum pallidum Munro had the highest values （0.212 kN·m/g in dry method and 0.193 kN·m/g in wet method）， followed by Cephalostachyum scandens Bor （0.189 kN·m/g in dry method and 0.173 kN·m/g in wet method）.