木质素光热转换性能提升策略及其应用研究进展

Research Progress on Improvement Strategies and Application of Lignin Photothermal Conversion Performance

关键词:  木质素  改性  光热转换  太阳能  能源利用

Key Words:lignin  modification  photothermal conversion  solar energy  energy utilization

摘要:随着全球能源危机和环境问题日益严峻，开发高效、清洁、可再生的能源技术成为当务之急。光热转换材料通过高效吸收太阳辐射并将其转化为热能，不仅拓宽了太阳能的利用维度，还能有效降低对传统化石能源的依赖。近年来，木质素在光热转换领域受到广泛关注。作为自然界中储量最大的芳香族有机高分子化合物，木质素具有众多不饱和基团和共轭结构，表现出相当大的光热转换潜力，目前已在能源收集与存储、海水淡化、光热治疗等领域得到探索。本文介绍了木质素的结构、光热转换原理和改性策略，综述了不同木质素基光热材料的制备方法及其在光热转换领域的应用研究进展，对其未来的发展进行了展望，以期为新型光热转换材料的开发提供参考。

Abstract:With the global energy crisis and environmental problems becoming increasingly severe， the development of efficient， clean， and renewable energy technologies has become a top priority. By efficiently absorbing solar radiation and converting it into heat， photothermal conversion materials not only broaden the utilization dimension of solar energy， but also effectively reduce the dependence on traditional fossil energy. In recent years， lignin has received extensive attention in the field of photothermal conversion. As the largest aromatic organic polymer compound in nature， lignin has many unsaturated groups and conjugated structures， showing considerable potential for photothermal conversion， and has been explored in the fields of energy harvesting and storage， seawater desalination， and photothermal therapy. In this paper， the structure， photothermal conversion principle， and modification strategy of lignin were introduced， the preparation methods of different lignin-based photothermal materials and their application in the field of photothermal conversion were reviewed， and their future development was prospected， in order to provide reference for the development of new photothermal conversion materials.