蜡笺纸的发展历程与研究现状

Development and Research Status of Wax Paper

关键词:  涂布  蜡笺纸  粉蜡笺纸

Key Words:coating  waxed paper  powder waxed paper

摘要:蜡笺纸是我国古代涂布纸中一种在原纸上施以蜡涂层的加工纸，出现于隋唐，明清时期最为鼎盛，在清末民初失传。我国古代不同时期的蜡笺纸在制作上的差异主要体现在纸张厚度、层数及施蜡手法，根据技法与涂层的材料不同，可分为蜡笺纸、粉蜡笺纸、洒金蜡笺纸等。蜡笺纸类文物的保护修复开始于21世纪初；蜡笺纸的科技分析近几年开始出现，主要是使用无损或微损的方法对蜡笺纸的原料成分和结构进行分析。目前有关蜡笺纸的研究较少，蜡笺纸复原、保护修复还有进一步完善的空间。本文综述了蜡笺纸的发展历程以及蜡笺纸原料、制作工艺、科技分析和保护修复方面的研究成果，以期为后续蜡笺纸的研究提供参考。

Abstract:Wax paper is one of the ancient coated paper in China in the base paper applied wax coating processing paper， appeared in Sui and Tang Dynasties， Ming and Qing Dynasties are the most prosperous， lost in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China. In different periods of ancient China， the difference in the production of wax paper is mainly reflected in the thickness of the paper， the number of layers， and the wax application technique， according to the different techniques and coating materials， it can be divided into wax paper， powder wax paper， and gold wax paper. The protection and restoration of wax paper cultural relics begin at the beginning of this century， and the scientific and technological analysis of wax paper begin to appear in recent years， mainly using non-destructive or micro-damage methods to analyze the raw material composition and structure of wax paper. At present， the research on wax paper is little， and there is still room for further improvement in the restoration， protection and restoration of wax paper. This paper reviewed the development of wax paper and the research achievements in raw materials， production process， technical analysis， protection and restoration of wax paper， and provided a reference for the subsequent research of wax paper.