α-淀粉酶与氯胺T在档案及字画揭裱修复中的可行性研究

Study on the Feasibility of Alpha-Amylase and Chloramine T in the unmounting and restoration of Archives and calligraphy and paintings

关键词:  档案保护  字画  α-淀粉酶  淀粉浆糊  氯胺T

Key Words:archives protection  calligraphy and paintings  alpha-amylase  starch paste  chloramine T

摘要:本研究直接将α-淀粉酶水溶液用于档案及字画的揭取,只需很短的时间即可完全分解淀粉浆糊使其丧失粘结能力达到珍贵档案与托纸的无损分离。并研究筛选了能够使残留在档案及字画上的α-淀粉酶失活的氯胺T溶液,可以有效清除α-淀粉酶或者将残留α-淀粉酶灭活而不再分解新修裱时刷涂的淀粉浆糊,有效解决了因α-淀粉酶残留导致的新裱料粘不上去或浆糊粘度不够而使修裱后的档案或字画放置一段时间后出现空鼓、起翘等问题。通过测试两种水溶液处理前后纸张的物理性能与化学结构、国画颜料的色差与光泽度,发现该方法处理后,对纸张物理性能和化学结构无明显影响,也不会对国画颜料的色彩造成影响。

Abstract:This research explores the use of Alpha-amylase aqueous solution for the safe removal of starch paste from archives and paintings. This method effectively decomposes the starch paste, facilitating non-destructive separation of valuable archives from paper substrates within a short timeframe. Additionally, Chloramine T solution is employed to deactivate any residual Alpha-amylase in the archives and paintings, thereby preventing issues such as inadequate bonding or viscosity in subsequent mounting processes using starch paste. The study evaluates the impact of these treatments on the physical properties and chemical structures of paper, as well as the color and glossiness of traditional Chinese painting pigments. Results indicate that the method has no significant adverse effects on the paper"s properties or chemical structure, and does not alter the colors of traditional Chinese painting pigments. This approach offers a promising solution for preserving the integrity of repaired archives and paintings over time.