芳纶Ⅲ纸基复合材料的制备与性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Aramid Ⅲ Paper-based Composite Materials

关键词:  芳纶Ⅲ短切纤维  纤维长度  纤维占比  力学性能  拉伸断裂

Key Words:aramid Ⅲ chopped fiber  fiber length  fiber percentage  mechanical properties  tensile fracture

摘要:以芳纶Ⅲ短切纤维与间位芳纶沉析纤维为原料，使用湿法成形技术，制备芳纶Ⅲ纸基复合材料，研究芳纶Ⅲ短切纤维长度和占比对芳纶Ⅲ纸基复合材料匀度、抗张强度、弹性模量、断裂伸长率、撕裂度的影响规律。结果表明，在芳纶Ⅲ短切纤维长度6 mm，占比50%时，芳纶Ⅲ纸基复合材料的综合力学性能较好，其中抗张强度为2.66 kN/m，弹性模量为3 136 MPa，断裂伸长率为1.78%，撕裂度为2 912 mN。纸基复合材料拉伸断裂面因芳纶Ⅲ短切纤维长度和占比的不同而呈现不同的形状。相比于间位芳纶纸，芳纶Ⅲ纸基复合材料具有更好的高温尺寸稳定性，有望在复合增强领域进一步提升芳纶的应用前景。

Abstract:Aramid Ⅲ paper-based composite materials were prepared from aramid III chopped fibers and meta-aramid fibrids using wet molding technology to study the effects of aramid III chopped fiber length and percentage on the homogeneity， tensile strength， modulus of elasticity， elongation at break， and tearing strength of aramid III paper-based composite materials. The results showed that when the aramid Ⅲ chopped fiber length was 6 mm and the percentage was 50%， the comprehensive mechanical properties of aramid Ⅲ paper-based composite materials were better， among which the tensile strength was 2.66 kN/m， the elastic modulus was 3 136 MPa， the elongation at break was 1.78%， and the tearing strength was 2 912 mN. The tensile fracture surfaces of paper-based composite materials showed different shapes due to the difference of the length and percentage of the aramid Ⅲ chopped fibers. Compared with the meta-aramid paper， the aramid III paper-based composite materials had better high-temperature dimensional stability， which was expected to further enhance the application prospect of aramid in the field of composite reinforcement.